Introduction: 1. level

Target groups and potential benefits
(depending on the aims of the analyses)

The next list contains short descriptions about problem fields (in most cases) of enterprises/institutions: namely the private decisions (even if very spontaneous) are basically correct, viz. there is no data assets and the volume of the problems make quite impossible the efficient using of systematical approaches. The large-scale decisions in private households (e.g. concerning real estate, expensive facilities or migration: demo) can not be separated from the same in the business life. Following user's instructions, at the end of the list a few problems with private characteristics will be also handled:

• Forecasting: It is the simplest thing to make a forecast. This starting situation evidently assumes that the aim of the maker (or the one who give the orders to a maker) of the forecast is to act accordingly to the predicted symptoms in the way which is the most profitable. In case of stock market forecasts, the difference between buying and selling prices is the profit (- transaction costs!). In case of weather forecasts, the benefit is, for example, the recognition of the period capable for hay making, so the difference of the values between better and worse qualities of hay... (More)
• Price/performance analysis: When preparing the procurement of products and services, each participants are the target of similarity analysis, because a customer or a caller of a tender is interested in which offer worth its price the most, while the supplier and its marketing team is interested in finding out how well was the price positioned, compared to the prices of the competition. Specifying a value expressed in currency for the brand value may be interesting for everyone, because this price is independent from the performance, it is the price of trust. In that case, however, when a product or service exist only in the plans, then this kind of simulation-like reinterpretation will give the answer how to set the price for e.g. the ion-less mineral water, where the minimization of ion-content is the goal. When analyzing price/performance proportions, work investment is covered by quickness, maximization of objectivity, enhancement of transparence/legal security (e.g. avoiding suspicion of malpractice), minimization of resource and time requirements... (more)
• Salary/performance analysis: For anyone involved in HR-decisions (employee, decision-maker, courthouse, personnel consultant, instructor, coach, sponsor,...), it is an evident question, if a given person or a group of people works adequately for the wages planned for them, compared to similar people. Usefulness is a matter of viewpoint: it can be a wage reached or money saved, the effect of conflict induced by a revealed wage-tension, the forming of groups that can realize profit effectively, ... (more)
• Benchmarking: In case of any object groups, (companies, settlements, regions, countries, continents, races, breeds, ...) it may be a relevant question for everyone involved: based on the chosen indicators, is a given attribute of a given object in a near-equilibrium state compared to the other objects, or does it differ from them significantly? These subjectively recognized force fields sustain the migration of workforce, they mean equal rights, and they mean the measurability of sustainability, as a contrast to those who always say the same boring phrases. The usefulness of analyses like that is self-evident in the frame of a constitutional state: the public prosecutor's offices, equal rights ministries, ombudsmen, civil organizations, local governments, expert teams, so, basically everyone is involved, and through these analyses, we can see the world around us in an objective way. So, it is the remedy of demagoguery. As for how much it worth, it is unnecessary to explain that for those who consider neither themselves nor others to be 'self-weak'! (e.g. with benchmarking-examinations, sensationalism in mass media can be avoided, the voice of those who state dubious (not supported by any evidence) things with manipulative intentions can be suppressed: is a building project too expensive, is the interest or the unemployment rate too high, is the national subsidy too low, which medicine worth its price, for example, based on side-effect statistics, etc.) (more)
• Business planning: Business plans are meant to predict what kind of incomes and costs can be expected with certain conditions. Therefore, a business plan assumes many forecasts and benchmarking analyses, and many price/wage-performance comparisons for the estimation of the real indicators. A good (so high 'hit-rate') business plan (cf. budget, image) is the unmistakable proof of expertise. Because the objective here is not only the estimation of prices and quantities, but the chance for reaching balance between them, so the planner should always keep consistency in mind too. A good plan forms the basis of avoiding the unnecessary and useless resource-allocation, so its usefulness is unquestionable. A good plan is made slowly and it is expensive, it is not a coincidence, that in most cases, the basis of lending is not the business plan, but the provision...
• Production functions: Economists want economics, be it macro- or microeconomics, to be based on production- and demand-supply functions. However, neither of those functions are sold anywhere! For example a trout breeder, who wants to buy fodder, will not get any help to decide which fodder he should buy (because it can be revealed through expensive experiments, that which fodder is the most suitable for a certain type of lake (genetic material), how much weight-gain (or meat quality) can be achieved with certain types of animals, fodder, and with certain weather conditions). Instead of that, it is a remarkable advancement, if it can be identified, which nutriment combination can be bought by the breeder for the lowest price. So, the making of production functions would assume that all data about production processes is available for public use, so, instead of hiding this data, the better analysis of them would mean the advantage in competition... (more)
• E-commerce: The future of commerce (in the ideal case) is based on OLAP databases that are maintained by the authorities that permit products or services, and the companies. The customers can filter these databases (there is no need for shop or vendor - because they believe to the data, because if they were incorrect, that would lead to severe consequences), they declare KO-conditions, so they decide what would they like or not like to buy. Of course, the filtered list (so the list of products and services that are of eligible quality) contains all the professionally relevant (price determining) data of the objects needed to be compared. (In case of data shortage, the object that lacks the data will be counted as the worst in that respect). After that, similarity analysis reveals which object has the best price/performance proportion. Contemporary object-comparison solutions support auction, so the search for the market where the object can be bought for the lowest price. The arrangement of decisions (tenders) hardly ever allows auctions, because in these cases, one MUST be able to compare apples and pears, because both are fruits... (more)
• Tender evaluation: Each tender calling and evaluation assumes that the evaluator of the tender is fully aware of that s/he may easily be considered prejudiced. Who would do that: those who are involved (especially those who didn't win), supervisory/owner bodies, concurrency, etc. An ordinary request for quotation/calling for tender is likely to exclude multiple proposals at the same time. Contrary to that, those people, who suspect the essence of their natural ability (so, similarity analysis) acts reversely, and they coerce the applicants to develop variances, so they lock themselves in an n-dimension trap, where they have to pick that variant from their own alternative offers, which is closest to the price-performance optimum. Besides that, the caller of the tender can compare tenders in order to maintain control over the absolute level of prices. What is the use of this? Probably, the clear handling of public and foundation money does more good to public morale, than the growth of GDP does... (more)
• Return of IT-costs: In case of occurrences that cannot be handled experimentally (e.g. what if a stock on the stock market would have grown by 1 percent yesterday, what if humidity would have been twice as high yesterday than it was, etc.), production functions can be created with the help of similarity analysis. If we contrast the success of businesses (Y) with their internal and external conditions in case of many (comparable) businesses (objects), then the profit-determining role of IT-components can be derived... (more)
• Price/risk analysis: If we consider the probabilities of certain side effects of medicines to be the inputs, and we consider the medicines themselves to be the objects, then relation between the prices and risks of the medicines can be searched for and based on the analogue of price/performance analyses, price/risk analyses can be done... (more)
• Meteorology and Heureka-filters: It is hard to get data assets about meteorology, fortunately it is unnecessary anyway, because the forecasts are published by every meteorological institutes. So as a similarity analysis task, the only thing needed to be done is to download and save every day those websites that contain the forecasts of the given source-institute, and the factual data. 'Eureka effects', which are seemingly the most truthful within certain circumstances (compared to others), are filtered out by similarity analysis, based on the patterns that are drawn upon the forecasts of the source-institutes. By holding crooked mirrors to the source-institutes, we can gain a better picture out of the 'pixels' (that those 'mirrors' project on each other), than we can gain from any source. Moreover, the comparison of the facts and sources makes it available to publish the hit rates of the sources, and compared to those, the better hit rates of ours stabilize the business model...
• Evaluating real estate: If we think about the things that mass media broadcasts to us relatively regularly (cf. malpractice scandals), then the suggestion for how to escape from these kinds of traps as a decision maker seems more than viable. In frame of similarity analysis, based on the actual prices that are the basis of supply price (which is distorted upwards) or duty-procedures (which is distorted downwards), and based on the descriptive statistics of real estates, rational estimation of a balanced price can be given automatically for each real estate, which can replace/supplement expert's opinion in court processes (or in journalism that can deal with political scandals).
• Theoretical microbiology: In microbiology, as a result of sequencing, the genome of an examined sample can be charted. The result of the examination is an A_G_T_C_(?shortage?)-signal, which is hypothesis about the order of nucleotids (it has a high rate of probability in most cases). So, on a data space (_), there can be 4 signs, or even 5, if shortage is included. The number of data spaces is the matter of the complexity of the genome being examined, theoretically however, any sequence may be suitable for further examinations. So the OAM is given: the objects are the genomes (including plasmid effects, etc.), the attributes are the sequences that were chosen by some sort of logic and the statistics that describes them (e.g. the proportion of the letters). This situation closely resembles the similarity analysis interpretation of music and sheet music, which describes it..
  The questions about microbiology, base on the OAM: e.g. which two sequences belong into the same genus? Which mutations are lethal, and where they inflict this lethal effect? Which mutations affect the catabolism of oils, for example, how they do that, where is the effect inflicted?
  Today, the pair-comparison of nucleotide-orders is known to be done by similarity analysis, e.g. (I., and II.), which looks for the genome/sequence that shows the least difference, so we can talk about identity check instead of similarity check.
  In frame of the similarity analysis offered by MY-X FREE, the following can be done: based on the logic of decathlon (Y0-model), the objects can be examined, and then it can be decided if they belong into the same genus. Besides that, based on the logic of production function making, mutations can be examined (cf. simulation, viz. revealing the consequences of situations not yet experimented with = theoretical microbiology) for lethality and for the effect to certain functions (e.g. catabolism of oils)?
• Business games: Some problems of the business games/simulations can also be handled by similarity analysis: (more)
• Futurology vs. archeology/history: Hypothesis: futurology and history can be approached with the same methodology. This methodology is the similarity analysis. The only known OAM is based on the present, and from that should the missing data be derived, forward and backward in the time? Isn't it all the same, in methodological sense, if we argue about how high was/will be the unemployment rate with given pre/'post conditions? Or: The effect of certain historical figures, what kind of leader will be (cf. the early days of January, 2009: USA, South-Korea) or what kind of leader was (e.g. János Kádár, Imre Nagy?) some of the candidates, it is a question that falls into this category (simulation). It might not be heresy, and what if political science and math can be mixed? What is the more genuine knowledge: the essay, or the model, which pinches all the documented cases with the same logical pincer?
• Psychology: One may ask about penitentiary institutes (and based on that analogue, about any other institutes), that at what rate can certain forms of behavior (e.g. suicide, jailbreak) be predicted, based on certain auspices: (more)
• Applications in personal life: Even today, many people reads, for example, horoscopes, and it is a topic in every family, who would be a suitable spouse for the children or what kind of profession should someone choose? All these questions are similarity analysis questions! Horoscopes (or astronomy, or the graphology, which is now considered to be science) are trying to search/find relations between inputs that are in the form of complex patterns (e.g. celestial bodies, handwriting) and the arbitrary consequences of them. Just to take on example from the many: if it would be systematically collected, that how long would husbands and wives with certain habits stay married (and what are the other (external) circumstances), then, based on this case-collection, warning signs can be generated for those who are involved, with a success comparable to human (that knows few patterns, but it knows them deeply) intuition...
• Musical and visual beauty: If music can be described by statistics (e.g. the proportion of given intervals, proportion of given rhythmic elements, the interval between the lowest and highest-pitched voice in a motif, etc.) approximatively, so sheets of music can be compared, then considering the beautiful/not beautiful states, or fitting into a given musical genre to be the Y, such functions can be made, that have a 'genetic' potential, and the motifs that have their statistics near that potential will make some songs real hits. So, the musical beauty project raises the question of automatability of musical composition... (more)
• Sports betting: Sport is business! Sport statistics are a gold mine, but only if someone takes care of it appreciatively. Based on the previous performances and frame conditions of teams or competitors, the anticipatory performances can be predicted. Moreover: cheating can be a mathematical question too... (more)
• For what would You use your instinctual sense of similarity?

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